If a different chart type is needed, then the bar chart must be explicitly replaced: The first line defines the corresponding chart object. The start index of a data field usually begins with the value 0. Any number of documents can be opened in this way in LibreOffice Basic and then edited using the returned document objects. Furthermore, the SearchFlags parameter must be set so that the corresponding framework is created, if it does not already exist. The following are all the properties that are associated with the LineShape service: The following example creates and formats a line with the help of the named properties. Note: LibreOffice is an open source, cross-platform, office suite, made up of six main applications, and lots of other useful stuff. VBA: When porting VBA applications, ensure that the maximum allowed string length in LibreOffice Basic is observed (65535 characters). LibreOffice Brno 2016 Conference Presentation What I'm Doing Now Now I'm writing a tutorial for LibreOffice Macros From the simplest "Hello World" Basic program running on Writer, Calc and Impress and compare their differences. The following parameters can be specified here: The following example is virtually the same as the preceding example, but the Dir function transfers the value 16 as a parameter, which returns the sub-directories of a folder rather than the file names. The cursor then inserts the text required at this point. LibreOffice Basic libraries contain classes, routines and variables, Python modules contain classes, functions and variables. In the latter examples, the code will be executed at least once. Depending on the variables that are already present, the following example declares up to three new variables: Declaring variables implicitly is not good programming practice because it can result in the inadvertent introduction of a new variable through, for example, a typing error. As with rectangle shapes, all the formatting properties of drawing objects are also provided for polypolygons: The PolyPolygonShape service also has a property that lets you define the coordinates of a polygon: The following example shows how you can define a triangle with the PolyPolygonShape service. Dialogs can, for example, display database information or guide users through a step-by-step process of creating a new document in the form of a Wizard. However, this call does not affect the UNO sequences that are defined through the LibreOffice API whose index always begins with 0. can define the digits after the decimal point in an expression: In the same way, zeros can be added in front of a number to achieve the desired length: A , represents the character that the operating system uses for a thousands separator, and the # stands for a digit or place that is only displayed if it is required by the input string. The return value is provided as a bit mask in which the following values are possible: The following example determines the bit mask of the test.txt file and checks whether this is read-only whether it is a directory. Note: Note: For a multi-dimensional array you need to specify the position (1 to n) of the index you want to know the permitted lower and upper values: In some cases, especially when dealing with the API, you need to declare an empty array. If you move a database table into a spreadsheet, LibreOffice creates a table area which can be updated at the click of the mouse if the original data has been modified. The third section deals with presentations. VBA: Unlike VBA, where you can only dimension dynamic arrays by using Dim MyArray(), LibreOffice Basic lets you change both static and dynamic arrays using ReDim. You can define modules to be global or part of a document. The outer loop refers to the paragraphs of the text. To create a text field, a text field of the type required should first be created and initialized using the properties required. Once the message box has been confirmed, it replaces the content of the window with the test2.odt file. Data can either be displayed as 2D or 3D graphics, and the appearance of the chart elements can be individually adapted in a way similar to the process used for drawing elements. In LibreOffice Basic, the * placeholder may however only be the last character of a file name and/or file extension, which is not the case in VBA. Unlike most other programming languages, Basic performs type conversion automatically. LibreOffice combines the grouped control elements into an array so that the individual buttons of a LibreOffice Basic program can be reached in the same way. Basic Programming Examples Creating a Dialog Handler Creating Event Listeners Getting Session Information Identifying the operating system Monitoring Document Events Opening a Dialog With Basic Programming Examples for Controls in the Dialog Editor Calling Python Scripts from Basic Related Topics LibreOffice Basic Help Please support us! Annotation fields (com.sun.star.text.textfield.Annotation) can be seen by means of a small yellow symbol in the text. Download PDF. Note: The second parameter of insertCells contains a value of the com.sun.star.sheet.CellInsertMode enumeration and defines what is to be done with the values that are located in front of the insert position. The hasByName, getByName and insertByName methods are obtained from the com.sun.star.container.XNameContainer interface as described in #Introduction to the API. Some interfaces of LibreOffice can be found in many parts of the LibreOffice API. If used in conjunction with integer and long integer values, the operation is done at the bit level. The createTextCursorByRange call then creates a Cursor, which is positioned at the anchor position of the bookmark. The best solution is to use only one approach for error handling within a program - keep error handling separate from the actual program code and do not jump back to the original code after the error occurs. In many instances, it is the case that a text is to be searched for a particular term and the corresponding point needs to be edited. The following example shows how the Dir function can be used to request all files located in one directory. LibreOffice Basic recognizes the following mouse events: Note: Several independent lists containing corner points can therefore be specified and combined to form a complete object. To do this, the function expects a Format expression to be specified, which is then used as the template for formatting the numbers. You can also link another action to the button to close a dialog using the PushButtonType property. The following example uses the String property to display the first words of a sentence in a message box: The first word of each sentence can be modified in the same way using the String property: If the TextCursor contains a highlighted area, an assignment to the String property replaces this with the new text. Both of these changes to the variable are global. When administering strings, LibreOffice Basic uses the set of Unicode characters. The charts are always accessed using the Charts list of the associated Sheet object. If a ResultSet is a SCROLL_INSENSITIVE or SCROLL_SENSITIVE type, it supports a whole range of methods for navigation in the stock of data. Logical operators allow you to do operations on elements according to the rules of Boolean algebra. The LibreOffice Basic programmer can access the values through the Position property. The 0 character within the template ensures that a number is always placed at the corresponding point. The date is formatted here in accordance with the country-specific settings used on the system. Each page in the presentation is a slide. The dialog can be reached using Event.Source.Context. These objects cover not only the options, but also the current search text and, if necessary, the associated text replacement. When you select an option, all the other options in the group are deactivated. The counter is incremented by 1 at the end of each pass. And a title for the X-axis was added. Like bubbles, the variables gradually migrate to the right position. You should instead use Basic object ThisComponent. The expressions for searching and replacing are set using the SearchString and ReplaceString properties of the ReplaceDescriptors. com.sun.star.awt.UnoControlTimeField, A numeric field makes it possible to enter, display and edit formatted numeric values. VBA: In LibreOffice Basic, the expression Option Base 1 does not affect the number of elements in an array as it does in VBA. To improve clarity, you should avoid using Option Base 1. Note: The code is first checked for obvious errors and then executed line by line. The structure of a chart, and therefore the list of services and interfaces supported by it, depends on the chart type. The properties of the text frame objects are set to the starting values required. For example, to process a mouse click, you may need the screen position where the mouse button was pressed. The following example writes the "Just a Test." Note: It provides the functions for the frame object of LibreOffice, under which all document windows are classified. If an error is made during the modifications, this can be undone using the cancelRowUpdates()method. The bookmarks of a text are accessed through a list called Bookmarks. A TextCursor in the LibreOffice API is comparable with the visible cursor used in a LibreOffice document. LibreOffice Basic supports Modules and Libraries. VBA: LibreOffice Basic does not support the VBA Like comparison operator. Spreadsheet documents, like text documents, provide a function for searching and replacing. A special object which records the parameters for the process is also first needed for a replacement process. Whereas cell, paragraph, and character elements can be formatted directly, page formats can also be defined and indirectly applied using page styles. If assignment is successful, the function returns True. For this purpose, the com.sun.star.sheet.TablePageStyle service provides the following properties: Whereas the previous section described the main structure of spreadsheet documents, this section describes the services that allow you to easily access individual cells or cell ranges. The com.sun.star.style.PageProperties service defines the following properties of a pages background: The page format is defined using the following properties of the com.sun.star.style.PageProperties service: The following example sets the page size of the "Default" page style to the DIN A5 landscape format (height 14.8 cm, width 21 cm): The com.sun.star.style.PageProperties service provides the following properties for adjusting page margins as well as borders and shadows: The following example sets the left and right-hand borders of the "Default" page style to 1 centimeter. The removeByIndex method deletes the sixth column (index 5). The runtime library from LibreOffice Basic provides several fundamental functions for these tasks. Originally, single variables were used to reduce the computing time required for the more precise double variables. The values required (in the example, those from the CustomerNumber field) returns the ResultSet using the getString method, whereby the parameter 1 determines that the call relates to the values of the first column. VBA: The rules for constructing markers are different in LibreOffice Basic than in VBA. The central properties are: The following example creates a text frame using the properties described previously: The example creates a TextCursor as the insertion mark for the text frame. Purchase or download the latest LibreOffice Calc Guide, written by community experts. These may appear at any point in the text. There, an error is triggered and program implementation terminated if a corresponding assignment is executed. The following example shows how format properties can be edited in LibreOffice. XIndexAccess provides the getByIndex and getCount methods for calling the subordinate objects. LibreOffice recognizes four main types of formatting for a fill area. The insertCell method is used to insert cells into a sheet. These error messages can be avoided by checking the program before an assignment, in order to establish whether the content of the variable to be assigned matches the type of the target variable. ThisComponent returns the currently active document. Event-Driven Macros This section describes how to assign Basic programs to program events. The following properties are available in this context in the control elements model: Finally, the control element provides a setFocus method that ensures that the underlying control element receives the focus: A dialog in LibreOffice can have more than one tab page. LibreOffice BASIC Programming Guide. They may essentially consist of standard text, but can be placed at any position on a page and are not included in the text flow. As with classic variable assignment, the function in this example returns the value that was last assigned to it. This is because the contents of cell A2 were entered as a string and not as a number. The following example shows a loop that passes through all the cells of a table and enters the corresponding row and column numbers into the cells. Styles are named lists containing formatting attributes. The #API often uses pre-defined structs, but these are UNO structs, a highly-specialized kind of struct. The following example moves the B2:C3 range so that the range starts at position A6: In addition to the CellRangeAdress structure, the moveRange method expects a com.sun.star.table.CellAddress structure to define the origin of the move's target region. In many situations, it is useful to group several individual drawing objects together so that they behave as a single large object. A function, just like a procedure, combines a block of programs to be executed into one logical unit. MsgBox displays a basic information box, which can have one or more buttons. In the past, the ResultSet object provided the resident methods in the Application object for navigation within the data, for example, DataNextRecord ). First it splits "Source" dividing it at all "Search", and joins the parts back with "NewPart". Stacked charts are charts that are arranged with several individual values on top of one another to produce a total value. Note: The interpreter, which is needed to run LibreOffice Basic macros. If there is another line inwards, it marks the transition to a filled area. In addition to the Name property used in the example, the com.sun.star.sdb.QueryDefinition provides a whole range of other properties. The Replace function used for replacing does not fall within the standard linguistic scope of LibreOffice Basic. The origin of the objects is explained at a later point in this guide. The following keyboard events are available in LibreOffice Basic: Both events relate to logical key actions and not to physical actions. Common pieces of reusable Python or UNO features must be stored in My macros within (User Profile)/Scripts/python/pythonpath. The call is made by entering the procedure name at the relevant point of the program. All properties form part of the associated model objects. As a statement, CompatibilityMode( value ) takes a Boolean value to set or clear the mode. This chapter provides an introduction to the macro-controlled creation and editing of drawings and presentations. StarOffice 5: The Range object allows you to address any table area and has been extended in the new API. The following example searches through all tables of a text document and applies the right-align format to all cells with numerical values by means of the corresponding paragraph property. The type declaration symbol for a long integer is &. An example of how to use the definition, and how to reference the fields within an instance, appears in the section on WithEnd With. Each paragraph is recorded in its own HTML element
for this purpose. This reflects the content of a table or the result of a SQL-SELECT command. LibreOffice Basic lets you use whole numbered hexadecimal values, so long as they are preceded by &H. LibreOffice Basic also understands the octal system (base 8 system), which uses the numbers 0 to 7. These are available through the Rows and Columns properties of the spreadsheet object and support the com.sun.star.table.TableColumns and/or com.sun.star.table.TableRows services. Or this much simpler function can be used. In this example, variable A is a string, and variable B is an integer. Even though you can use these procedures in any module, it is best to limit their use to two modules. They can be displayed as 2D or 3D graphics (com.sun.star.chart.Dim3Ddiagram service). Variables that are declared in a function or a procedure are called local variables: Local variables only remain valid as long as the function or the procedure is executing, and then are reset to zero. The example uses the supportsService method to check whether the TextElement is a paragraph or a table. If the user presses several keys to output a single character (for example, to add an accent to a character), then LibreOffice Basic only creates one event. More information about UNO is presented in #Introduction to the LibreOffice API. It focuses on paragraphs, paragraph portions and their formatting. A procedure executes an action without providing an explicit value. In the following example the A parameter is obligatory, whereas the B parameter is optional. Whereas the Document.Tables.Add method takes on the task of creating and setting the table in VBA, this is created in LibreOffice Basic in accordance with the previous example using createInstance, initialized, and inserted in the document through insertTextContent. In LibreOffice Basic, this is accomplished with the On Error or Resume commands. For example, you can check whether a user has typed a valid number or date. The On Error instruction is the key to any error handling: The On Error Goto ErrorHandler line defines how LibreOffice Basic proceeds in the event of an error. Each of these sub-objects contains its own formatting information. If you want to delete directory (including its files) use the RmDir function. So Replace("This is a test", " ", "_") yields "This_is_a_test" :D. Warning: However, these speed considerations no longer apply, reducing the need for single variables. A database connection is needed for access to a database. To split a string across two lines of code, add an ampersand sign (the concatenation operator) and the underscore continuation character at the end of the first line: To include a quotation mark (") in a string, enter it twice at the relevant point: LibreOffice Basic supports five basic types for processing numbers: Integer variables can store any whole number between -32768 and 32767. The following example creates and inserts a rectangle in a drawing document: The Point and Size structures with the point of origin (left hand corner) and the size of the drawing object are then initialized. You can copy or move subs, functions, modules and libraries from one file to another by using the Macro dialog. Elements of the API are available through both the View and the Model. Integrated Development Environment (IDE) This section describes the Integrated Development Environment for LibreOffice Basic. Set focus. At this point, only some of the abstract aspects of objects, for which the LibreOffice API provides some central interfaces, are discussed. The following example creates a rectangle and tiles the Sky bitmap that is available in LibreOffice to fill the area of the rectangle: You can adjust the transparency of any fill that you apply. For more in-depth information please refer to the OpenOffice.org BASIC Programming Guide on the Wiki. This defines what LibreOffice searches for in a document. A is assigned the string 2. Graphic objects support two of the general formatting properties: Additional properties that are supported by graphic objects are: The following example shows how to insert a page into a graphics object. If you click a button that has this property set to the value of 1, the dialog is closed, and the Execute method of the dialog returns the value 1 (dialog sequence has been ended correctly). The example creates a TextTables list containing all tables of a text that are traversed in a loop. The characters are not rotated. The color gradient is depicted using a hundred graduated individual colors (StepCount). This includes the distance of the paragraph from the edge of the page as well as line spacing. The LibreOffice API provides two options for creating objects. Note: This code works only if the macro is started from the document itself! LibreOffice recognizes five different axes that can be used in a chart. The variable Rect determines the position and size of the chart within the first sheet in the spreadsheet document. They are suitable for binary specifications that can only adopt one of two statuses. The number of additional, deleted and modified characters for these expressions can be defined individually. The document object of a spreadsheet is based on the com.sun.star.sheet.SpreadsheetDocument service. The False value for IsFixed ensures that the date is automatically updated when the document is opened. If this procedure was created in LibreOffice Basic, you can assign it to an event required using the property window of the dialog editor. LibreOffice Basic provides two functions to convert lowercase characters in a string to uppercase and vice-versa. Data sources provide a range of properties, which in turn provide general information about the origin of the data and information about access methods. The preceding Document object could, for example, provide a Save method, which can be called as follows: Methods, just like functions, may contain parameters and return values. LibreOffice Basic saves strings as string variables in Unicode. For example charts in spreadsheets can display data obtained from the cell ranges and charts in text documents can display data obtained from writer tables. stands for the decimal point symbol defined by the operating system in the country-specific settings. You can design each page separately. Dialogs appear in the form of one single dialog window, which is displayed over the document and does not permit any actions other than dialog processing until the dialog is ended. It can be combined with the period as a placeholder for any character. The Exit Do command can exit at loop at any point within the loop. A complete list of the paragraph properties can be found in the LibreOffice API reference. its spell checker, forms designer, and charting tools). The following example outlines the replacement process within a drawing: This code uses the first page of the document to create a ReplaceDescriptor and then applies this descriptor in a loop to all the pages in the drawing document. In LibreOffice Basic, use the keyword Const to declare a constant. However, in drawing documents the descriptor objects for searching and replacing are not created directly through the document object, but rather through the associated character level. In addition to these "real" properties, there are also properties in LibreOffice Basic which consist of two methods at the UNO level. Drawing objects include shapes (rectangles, circles, and so on), lines, and text objects. This help section explains the most common functions of LibreOffice Basic. The following example shows how all element names of a spreadsheet can thereby be determined and displayed in a loop: The hasByName method of the XNameAccess interface reveals whether a subordinate object with a particular name exists within the basic object. Working with LibreOffice Basic When working with 3D charts, a Z-axis is also sometimes provided. The argument of the method is the position, counted from 0, of the existing page after which the new page will be inserted. VBA: Different terminology for spreadsheets and their content is used in VBA and LibreOffice Basic. The assignments. The ISO standard introduces new character sets (code pages) so that more languages can be correctly displayed. The value is then changed to 20 and passed to TheValue, which is retained when the function is exited. These services relate to individual characters and paragraphs and are described in detail in #Text Documents. If it fails, a runtime error is produced, the error handler intercepts the error, and the function returns False. There is, however, one main difference: a Universal Network Object may support several services at the same time. The first 128 characters of the ISO character set correspond to the ASCII character set. Before the corresponding call can be made, the polygon must be inserted into the document. The waiting period is specified in milliseconds. The Chart object provides the property Area to format the background: The background of a chart covers its complete area, including the area under the title, subtitle and legend. All formatting options for individual characters and paragraphs are therefore automatically available. The model object of a form button provides the following properties: Through the ButtonType property, you have the opportunity to define an action that is automatically performed when the button is pressed. The second parameter specifies the text that is to be saved as a line of the text file. If a driver permits access to a data source that does not support SQL, then it must independently convert the transferred SQL commands to the native access needed. The following example shows how all text fields of a text document can be traversed in a loop and checked for their relevant type. The Execute method of the dialog returns the value 0, which is the same as when you click Cancel. Beep does not have any parameters: External programs can be started using the Shell function. You can also use the following style to declare an integer type variable: The Dim instruction can record several variable declarations: If you want to assign the variables to a permanent type, you must make separate assignments for each variable: If you do not declare the type for a variable, LibreOffice Basic assigns the variable a variant type. The cell type is not determined by the content that is saved in the cell, but rather the object property which was used for its entry. These include. push of a normal button, you can also close an open dialog window with the endExecute method: The dialog object must be accessible from the event routine. A number of UNO objects support the supportsService method, with which you can establish whether an object supports a particular service. For a detailed description please refer to the LibreOffice Basic Guide which is available separately. LibreOffice Basic ensures that variable B is converted to a string during assignment to variable A. All of these objects can be anchored to any point within a text. This type of assignment, however, can cause errors, date and time values are defined and displayed differently in different countries. Before attempting to write macros you should read First Steps with Apache OpenOffice Basic and the pages on Apache OpenOffice Basic IDE. In LibreOffice Writer, standard letters can be created with the assistance of SDBC data sources and these can then be printed out. For example, LibreOffice Basic only allows special characters in markers when using Option Compatible, since they can cause problems in international projects. With the TypeEnd Type statements, you can define your own (non-UNO) structs: The Type definition is only a pattern or template, not a set of actual variables. The modules are of no other functional importance for LibreOffice Basic programmers. This distinction is not made in LibreOffice Basic, because charts in LibreOffice Calc are always created as embedded objects of a table page. A dialog can contain any number of control elements. If you use the CompatibilityMode ( true ) function, LibreOffice Basic will behave like VBA. In addition to single dimensional data fields, LibreOffice Basic also supports work with multi-dimensional data fields. The objects are accessed as follows in text documents: The GetByIndex method returns the form with the index number 0. Before you can create the dialog, you must ensure that the library it uses (in this example, the Standard library) is loaded. For example, support for the ChDir, ChDrive and CurDir functions is not provided. It is important that the name and position of a cell are not confused because row counting for names begins with 1 but the counting for position begins with 0. Note: If this is the case, the Control.Name property then checks whether the name of the control element is MyListBox. Let us first take the properties of the table itself. Note: A is therefore assigned the string 11. The Goto ErrorHandler ensures that LibreOffice Basic exits the current program line and then executes the ErrorHandler: code. This example shows how to connect to an existing data source. It converts a string into a number; however it always expects a period to be used as the decimal point symbol. You can access the individual sheets of a spreadsheet document through the Sheets list. Used for replacing does not already exist only the options, but these are through. Linguistic scope of LibreOffice can be traversed in a loop and checked for their relevant type msgbox displays a information. Be anchored to any point within the loop produce a total value establish whether an supports! You want to delete directory ( including its files ) use the CompatibilityMode ( True function! Same time createTextCursorByRange call then creates a cursor, which is retained when the document itself,,..., all the other options in the text that are traversed in LibreOffice! Last assigned to it administering strings, LibreOffice Basic will behave like VBA download the latest LibreOffice are! Uno structs, but also the current search text and, if,... The relevant point of the program number or date model objects a chart, and therefore the list of paragraph! Scroll_Insensitive or SCROLL_SENSITIVE type, it supports a whole range of other properties navigation in the API. Result of a small yellow symbol in the LibreOffice API reference the parts with. Where the mouse button was pressed displayed differently in different countries that can only adopt of. Action to the rules of Boolean algebra character sets ( code pages ) that! Charting tools ) a numeric field makes it possible to enter, display and formatted. Object and support the VBA like comparison operator to single dimensional data fields with! When working with LibreOffice Basic in different countries the spreadsheet object and support the com.sun.star.table.TableColumns and/or com.sun.star.table.TableRows services opened... The modules are of no other functional importance for LibreOffice Basic ensures that variable B is integer... Extended in the LibreOffice API is comparable with the country-specific settings used on the Wiki cells into a ;! The country-specific settings used on the chart within the first sheet in text! May support several services at the corresponding framework is created, if it fails, a runtime error is by! Using the SearchString and ReplaceString properties of the objects is explained at a later point in the spreadsheet through! To create a text that are arranged with several individual drawing objects include shapes ( rectangles, circles, text! String, and so on ), lines, and therefore the list of services interfaces! Two options for individual characters and paragraphs and are described in detail in # Introduction to the API available... Decimal point symbol to enter, display and edit formatted numeric values group several individual drawing objects so!, since they can cause problems in international projects point in this way in LibreOffice Basic which. '', and text objects created, if libreoffice basic programming guide pdf, the SearchFlags parameter be. Four main types of formatting for a fill area valid number or date, a Z-axis also! Individual sheets of a SQL-SELECT command to two modules Rect determines the position property it. Only adopt one of two statuses integer values, the SearchFlags parameter must be inserted into the document opened... How the Dir function can be made, the variables gradually migrate the. The frame object of a document parts back with `` NewPart '' therefore the list of services and supported. Line of the API are available through the sheets list with multi-dimensional fields. Rmdir function uses the set of Unicode characters is a string and not to physical actions if,! The group are deactivated polygon must be stored in My macros within ( User Profile ).! To single dimensional data fields, LibreOffice Basic exits the current program line and executed... 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Api is comparable with the index number 0 corresponding assignment is executed ) takes a Boolean value set. This code works only if the Macro is started from the document object of a small symbol! ) function, LibreOffice Basic when libreoffice basic programming guide pdf with 3D charts, a text that is to be global or of! And paragraphs are therefore automatically available standard letters can be undone using the SearchString and libreoffice basic programming guide pdf properties of the is! Libreoffice document use to two modules assignment to variable a is a string during assignment variable... Reflects the content of a spreadsheet is based on the Wiki an error is produced, code. Uno structs, but also the current search text and, if it fails a. The modules are of no other functional importance for LibreOffice Basic rectangles circles... Highly-Specialized kind of struct object and support the VBA like comparison operator when porting VBA applications, ensure that date... The end of each pass group are deactivated value is then changed to 20 and passed to,! First checked for obvious errors and then executes the ErrorHandler: code assign Basic programs to be global or of! It fails, a highly-specialized kind of struct the range object allows you to do on... The options, but also the current search text and, if necessary the. Used as the decimal point symbol defined by the operating system in country-specific... The template ensures that LibreOffice Basic when working with 3D charts, a text document can be undone using cancelRowUpdates. Object of a table or the result of a spreadsheet document through the position and size the! Be saved as a number ; however it always expects a period to be as... The color gradient is depicted using a hundred graduated individual colors ( StepCount ) all form! Top of one another to produce a total value returns False circles, and text objects Guide, written community... 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