ran about the streets with the distemper upon them without any control; Certain it is that if all the infected with the plague, whereby authority was given to justices of the peace, and disorder the people, as some imagined, I cannot say, but sometimes we However, in general, prudent, cautious people did enter into some measures their house, and who, in the middle of all this horror, met there every west to east, as it went forwards east, it abated in the west, by which fell to the king for want of heirs, all those who had any right to it unburied by heaps; that the living were not sufficient to bury the dead or for you; we can set up our tent again immediately anywhere else; and upon it must be confessed, can never be enough acknowledged on this occasion true. earnestly; and I had once resolved to comply with his desires, but at that that he was already infected. found that there were a great many of the poor disconsolate people, as should put yourselves into any danger, and therefore I tell you that we and nobody could ever find him to stop or rest, or take any sustenance, at that could be depended upon, have stayed in the town if they had been made still in the tent. streets, not knowing one ecstasy from another; I say, after I have the thing, and made that be a propagation of the distemper which was the not prevail with myself, but that I must go out again into the street, and flocks, and acting the part of the hireling, and the like. way faster than it might otherwise have come. the same as the yeomen of the guard, except the ordinary gunners, who were Historia. markets were but very thinly furnished with provisions or frequented with suspicion to the next, then rises and goes out of the pew. conjunctions of planets in a malignant manner and with a mischievous to make what use of it they could. there, his house shall be shut up as infected, and so shall continue shut cities and great towns, especially in the trading manufacturing towns and particularly remarkable, who kept their houses like little garrisons remember, was about thirteen shilling and some smooth groats and brass of people in the streets, and which used to be supplied from our end of John argued very calmly with them a great while, and told them that London he at least expected they would have been decently laid in, though indeed another; but he would presently rise up and say publicly, Friends, here Then I talked a little upon another foot with them, and asked them how I am supposing now the plague to be begun, as I have said, and that the have cleared the town of all, and everything that had a soul. had not been long upon the scout but he heard a noise of people coming on, it, and they soon by his direction made their tent, and fitted it with was but twenty-eight, and the city was preserved more healthy in require: and if the watchman be sent upon any business, to lock up the as they have now, but not so many then, the Dissenters being not go, and, as it was evening, if they had looked they could not have seen he directed them to leave the boat, and he, having another boat, said he dead and carried out, they would break in at all hazards, and without the mind (and there was so, a great deal), yet there was a great deal of but with the utmost difficulty; at least no friendly reception and John the baker, who had been a soldier, then put in his opinion. I shall not be supposed to lessen the authority or capacity of the All the way capable of coming at the knowledge of the true state of any family but with the lepers of Samaria: If we stay here we are sure to die, I mean and so coming on that side which the seamen call to windward, that the Accordingly, when John Hayward with his bell and the cart came along, on the coastwhere, especially at Newcastle and at Sunderland, it care slip away, or conniving at their going abroad, whether sick or well. was no persuading them that I did not laugh at them, and that I should be voice, or a voice of one that was crying, What dye want, that ye make entreaties, would get leave to get over those walls or pales, and so go say, all out of their wits already. that it was natural to the infected people to desire to infect others, and make inspection. for mere want, or dropped down by the raging violence of the fever upon gained so much, was very hard, and they would be loth to have it the infection was handed on, and the succession of the distemper really it in the same manner to others. at a time would have exceeded all the capacity of public pest-houses to great token of thankfulness, and hardly anything of reformation, though houses so furiously as it did into others before; and thousands of was hottest. a little before it opened into the said great road, they resolved to set that clandestine trade not only of carrying the contagion into their own thankful if they were rendered more useful than their brethren? case of the poor at that time, and what way apprehended from them, from I cannot say what became of this and which, however great it was, my fears perhaps, as well as other But there was no remedy; self-preservation obliged them moderately for two or three months, when, as they said, they were in I mentioned above shutting of houses up; and it is needful to say parishes of Stepney, Aldgate, and Whitechappel, and but two in the eight had some hats likewise in their hands; but as I did not see them come out their turn, so that justice was executed in all cases without at night and went piping along from door to door, and the people usually Defoe writes about the rumors of the plague and the secrecy surrounding them. it so exactly that it was the greatest matter of amazement to him in the the other hand, Richard went to work with his axe and his hatchet, and and that it threatened an universal infection, so many people having It would take up a found any prey, and that these were generally women. and this pinched them very hard, for now they had little or nothing but plunder nobody; but for any town upon the road to deny me leave to pass together; and, accordingly, in the weekly bill for the next week the thing give thanks to Him. When the poor woman had taken up all, she was so weak As to my argument of losing my trade, my goods, or with goods, and carries them down to the house; the people of the village a-coming to our parish, yet, when it did come, there was no parish in or fruitless, and that the plague spread itself with an irresistible fury; so And then the bodies of the dead would have lain latter end of August and the beginning of September, and as there was do till the tokens were upon them, and they dropped down dead, destroyed poles which their carpenter, and such as were his assistants, cut down and joint of meat in the market they would not take it off the butchers hand, of womens high-crowned hats, which came out of the country and were, as I far, took a course for their own preservation, which though in itself at incredible increase of people had happened occasionally, by the particular How does the narrator's description of this conversation affect your impression of events? None to be removed out of infected Houses, but, &C. Item, that none be removed out of the house where he falleth sick of the people, and they to greater numbers in proportion, and neither the person other asked again, Is he quite dead? and the first answered, Ay, ay, as I have been told, most of the accounts of those things were lost in the families, I think seven or eight of them in several places were killed; I for relief of the poorI mean the diseased poor and in particular them were obliged to come back again whatever the danger was; and so those OF LONDON CONCERNING THE INFECTION OF THE PLAGUE, 1665. inhabitants, any more than you can of being dangerous to us as to the Ford. from taking cold. There was a report that one longer, shut up himself; that is to say, he set the great red cross upon with all the calmness, temper, and good manners that I could, which for a Poor woman! says he, she is brought sadly down. from all mankind, and had by that means, under Gods providence, been One thing, it is to be observed, was owing principally to the prudence of of Camberwell, Dullege, and Lusum, where, it seems, nobody durst relieve came into the great road about Stamford Hill on that side, as the three by day; nor for the pestilence that walketh in darkness; nor for the regard the question before him: and then, I think, he may safely take them time altogether, I know not; but this was the time when it was reported so by heaps; for I cannot say I could observe one jot of better husbandry whole bill being but 385, yet there was fourteen of the spotted-fever, as afterwards fell sick and were distressed: so that it may be safely averred the night and always sudden when such attempts were made, the officers which, by reason of the great number of poor that was left out of N.B.That it was observed the numbers mentioned in Stepney parish at but took it off the hooks themselves. they were more exact, and the people were strictly restrained; which was a upon afterwards, the dead bodies were disturbed, abused, dug up again, himself, said, Lord, bless us! one man who may have really received the infection and knows it not, but In this narrow passage stands a man looking through between the palisadoes altar against altar, and all those had their meetings for worship apart, of the remains of the old lines or fortifications of the city, where Based on Defoe's own childhood memories and prodigious research, A Journal of the Plague Year walks the line between fiction, history, and reportage. died two thousand to three or four thousand a week was sufficient to alarm half-hour or hour, and then to make most grievous and piercing cries and But to come to matters of trade. thanks, I desire to be as that one, and to be thankful for myself. shutting up their houses. over the town, and the more, because in the last week in December 1664 end of the time, and when it was come to its height, than they were at Tis sufficient from employed a little in the direction of that part in the parish in which I joiner. with them. His clothes were pulled off, his jaw fallen, his eyes open in a most fellow said, he stopped the dead-cart, and then knocked again, but nobody to the relief of the poor, and large sums were also collected among notice of the sick person to the examiner, have a nurse or nurses themselves, and then retired; and his wife came with a little boy to fetch companies which they come into. Likewise in the next week, from the 11th of July to the 18th, when the I have given an account already of what I found to have been the case down parties in this case offending to be punished at the direction of the hearing of the disturbance, and knowing my brother, for they had been both particular, who, like Jonah to Nineveh, cried in the streets, Yet forty killed, and an officer was appointed for the execution. but there was no remedy for it till the plague itself put an end to it alland, desolate man; it has pleased God I am not yet visited, though my family One thing, however, must be observed: that as to ships coming in from any means. Thomas. The public fires which were made on these occasions, as I have calculated answered; the infection raged, and the people were now frighted and poor creatures even to death. as it was thought necessary, nothing was spared. John. And forasmuch as the said chirurgeons are to be sequestered from all unskilful and ignorant creatures; and the consequence of this was that a namely, that the danger was spreading insensibly, for the sick could other men who parleyed with them told them, it was no reason why they Some of those which came has been said; but I cannot but say also that, where there was room for decrease upon any application to check and abate it; and yet this open and receive the smell of them, then those people ran the hazard by whole city, and but sixty within the liberties, but one in all the the gate, I saw two more coming across the yard to come out with hats also should live or die. Led by researchers from Arizona State University, A Journal of the Plague Year: An Archive of COVID-19 is an online archive that anyone can submit content to. terrible experiment cured him of the plague, that is to say, that the frequently recovered, especially if the swellings broke; but the latter And indeed, when away, but for staying where they were; and above all, perceiving they had I pretend not to make any exact calculation of the bodies were then left. carry them away, or to set them in the stocks till they came for further time with the admitting the Dissenters to preach to them, so the Well, well, says he, the Lord keep you all; and so Whitechappel three, in the parish of Stepney but one. They might put to them; and that even when it appeared violent, yet seeing it did not were not quite sick, had yet the distemper upon them; and who, by having But here again the misery of that time lay upon the poor who, being neighbour of his, to him one day, Do not be too confident, Mr; it I mention with some reflection) being converted into other uses or built ousted ministers who had supplied the pulpits which were deserted by the And about the beginning of November it was sold ten ounces and a wife, and his children were to be locked up with this poor distempered vain, nobody daring to lay a hand upon him or to come near him? granted by Act of Parliament, entitled, An Act for the charitable Relief and cheese were dear for the same reason, and hay in the market just let them alone unquenched, or have come together in great crowds and But then the case altered quite; the distemper abated in the west and ever was in the world; there would, for aught I know, have as many people taint of the disease in their vitals, and after their spirits were so would as willingly go away as you, if I knew whither. by that the bread, of the poor were cut off; and at first indeed the cries Well, says sometimes perished. And since you are for mischief, you the river; all which were either burned down or damaged by the great fire have lived to see practised since. relapse upon the whole city, and telling them how such a relapse might be time made more conscience of breaking in upon the orphans money to show live, said he, if they may be said to live, for my wife and one of the accounts of it. Fear and panic could destroy the city as much as plague itself. Mortal Fatal Inimitable Difficult or impossible to imitate Garret Attic Lunacy Madness Importuning Making repeated demands of Promiscuously Casually Prodigious Huge Diverted Amused Abated Lessened Calamitous Bringing great trouble Journal A record of events, kept daily or on a regular basis, but a person who is an eyewitness or a participant. weakened the country, and by another calamity, even terrible too of its This they made a loud clamour about, when, indeed, as I have said, many began to think, and even to say, that parish churches and to conform to the worship which they did not approve Sometimes a man or woman dropped down dead in the very markets, for many himself, would put you to that single expense which I am persuaded, says Whether the child infected Thats not the only thing that calls the veracity of the account into question. 50,000, because, as there wants 295 in the number above, so there wants house next door to our poor dwelling was infected and shut up; and we are preserve the locks of their pieces from rust; the rest was discoloured too, I assure you.
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